![]() TypeScript was first made public in October 2012 (at version 0.8), after two years of internal development at Microsoft. 4.3 Integration with build automation tools.Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript. An official extension also allows Visual Studio 2012 to support TypeScript. TypeScript is included as a first-class programming language in Microsoft Visual Studio 2013 Update 2 and later, alongside C# and other Microsoft languages. It is licensed under the Apache License 2.0. The TypeScript compiler is itself written in TypeScript and compiled to JavaScript. TypeScript headers for the Node.js basic modules are also available, allowing development of Node.js programs within TypeScript. There are third-party header files for popular libraries such as jQuery, MongoDB, and D3.js. This enables other programs to use the values defined in the files as if they were statically typed TypeScript entities. TypeScript supports definition files that can contain type information of existing JavaScript libraries, much like C++ header files can describe the structure of existing object files. The default TypeScript Compiler can be used, or the Babel compiler can be invoked to convert TypeScript to JavaScript. ![]() Multiple options are available for transpilation. TypeScript may be used to develop JavaScript applications for both client-side and server-side execution (as with Node.js or Deno). As it is a superset of JavaScript, existing JavaScript programs are also valid TypeScript programs. It is designed for the development of large applications and transpiles to JavaScript. It is a strict syntactical superset of JavaScript and adds optional static typing to the language. TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft.
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